When a pastor is forced to leave his congregation, who is to blame?
Some inside a church will instantly proclaim, “The pastor is completely responsible for his demise. He is 100% at fault.”
Others will insist, “The pastor isn’t to blame for his departure. It was that spineless board … that heartless faction … or even the devil himself that caused this mess!”
The truth usually lies somewhere in between these two extremes.
In my book Church Coup, I quoted church conflict expert Speed Leas, who wrote about a research project along this line:
“While we could find some situations that were primarily the congregation’s ‘fault’ … and we could find some that were primarily the pastor’s ‘fault’ … these occurrences were rare. Most of the time we found a mixture of congregational and pastoral causes that defied unraveling as to who ‘started it.’ Asking the question ‘Whose fault is it?’ in the church seemed to tangle people up … more than it helped … in our research into 127 ‘involuntary terminations’ or firings, we found the need to find fault to be one of the most characteristic and least helpful dimensions of the conflict … it is almost never the case that one party is exclusively in the wrong.”
This issue has been rattling around in my head for years, so let me mention five common scenarios involving a pastor’s departure … along with a general assessment of responsibility in each case:
First, if a pastor is guilty of a major offense, he is fully responsible for his own departure.
If a pastor is guilty of heresy, he should be fired and removed from office.
I read about a pastor many years ago who began teaching universalism, the belief that everyone – even Satan – will eventually be saved and go to heaven.
Since universalism perverts the gospel (if everyone can be saved, why did Jesus die?), the church was justified in removing that pastor from office, although he caused untold damage in the process.
If a pastor is guilty of sexual immorality, he should be removed from office as well.
I heard about a pastor who had an affair with a woman in his church for twenty years. Twenty years!
How could he preach from the Holy Bible … serve Holy Communion … and even relate to the Holy Spirit while engaging in such conduct?
When the church board finally discovered the pastor’s misconduct, they took steps to remove him from office quickly.
Some experts believe these are the only two offenses that should merit a pastor’s forced termination, but I’d like to add a third: criminal behavior.
If a pastor has physically abused his wife … engaged in fraudulent financial behavior … assaulted people violently … or embezzled funds from his church … how can he stay as pastor?
He can’t.
When information about the pastor’s excessive misconduct comes to the attention of the church board, they should still:
*meet with the pastor
*ask him for his side of the story
*deliberate together prayerfully
*ask him to repent, if they discern he’s guilty
*aim for his restoration, not his destruction, if they remove him from office
But even if the board doesn’t handle the pastor’s departure perfectly, the pastor who is guilty of one of The Big Three has cooked his own goose.
However, this doesn’t mean that God is done with such individuals forever.
Second, if a church board has warned a pastor about a problem, and he’s failed to change his behavior within a reasonable time, the pastor is usually responsible for his own demise.
This scenario makes some assumptions … that the church board has:
*identified an area of the pastor’s life or ministry that needs changing
*spoken to the pastor directly and seriously about their concerns
*given the pastor enough time to turn things around
*monitored the pastor’s progress through the use of markers
*told the pastor what will happen if he doesn’t comply with their directives
Let’s say a pastor makes occasional insulting comments on Facebook to people from his church. And let’s say that five people he has insulted are hopping mad and threaten to leave the church if the pastor’s behavior continues.
Once the church board approaches the pastor about this matter, he should do all he can to comply with their wishes, even if he doesn’t agree with each example they cite.
The pastor might choose to eliminate his Facebook page altogether … or write a message on Facebook apologizing for his behavior … or resolve to only write positive comments from now on … or at least refrain from saying anything that could be negatively interpreted.
But if the pastor continues to make insulting comments after being warned against it, then the pastor is to blame if the board reluctantly asks for his resignation.
There are church boards that work the steps I’ve listed above, but most boards don’t operate in such a clear manner. They become anxious about the pastor’s behavior … handle things reactively rather than proactively … finally meet together in secret to discuss the issues … and only speak with the pastor directly when things have spun out of control.
And by then, it’s usually too late.
But if the board does everything right, and the pastor doesn’t change after a reasonable amount of time … he shouldn’t be surprise if he’s asked to pack his bags.
Third, if it becomes obvious that the pastor isn’t a good match for the church or the community, the blame for the pastor’s departure should be shared equally.
That is, the board should assume some of the blame, and the pastor should assume some of the blame.
Thirty years ago, I put out some resumes and had several phone interviews with search teams.
One was in Bay City, Michigan. Another was in Rochester, New York.
The search team in Michigan liked me, but they asked me this question: “How would you feel about living so far away from your family in the West?”
Up to that time, all I cared about was leaving the church I was pastoring. But they made me think about something I hadn’t really considered … and they were right.
Had I gone to Bay City, that church would have become our family, and neither my wife nor I would have seen our own parents or siblings very often.
If the board hadn’t asked me that question, and I had gone to Bay City, and it didn’t work out, they would be partially to blame.
But if I had gone there, and it didn’t work out, I’d share the blame as well.
I once heard about a pastor who was called from the South to a large church in Northern California. His teenage daughter was forced to leave her boyfriend behind.
The girl became so depressed and distraught that the pastor resigned and returned to the South after less than a month in California.
It’s easy to say, “The pastor was totally at fault. He never should have left the South.” But it’s possible the search team didn’t look at the situation as carefully as they should have.
Mismatches usually reveal themselves pretty quickly. It’s best if both the pastor and the search team admit, “We thought this would work out, but we can’t see it happening. We’ll both take responsibility for this situation and not blame the other party.”
Fourth, if the board is happy with their pastor’s ministry, but the pastor is under attack, and the board fails to support him adequately, and the pastor resigns, the board is more at fault than the pastor.
Let’s say that Pastor Warren has been at Mercy Fellowship for six years. And let’s say that Mercy’s attendance and giving have both doubled during that time.
And let’s say that ninety percent of the congregation loves Pastor Warren and that they are solidly behind his ministry … including the elders.
But one day, five people from an internal faction ask to meet with two of the elders. They claim that Pastor Warren hasn’t been attending denominational meetings … that the church isn’t giving enough to the denomination … and that if things don’t change quickly, thirty people will leave the church.
So the two elders share this conversation with the other elders, and they speak with Pastor Warren at their next regular meeting.
Pastor Warren responds, “That’s right, I don’t attend denominational meetings. I went to some my first several years here, but I found them to be a waste of time. I’ve shared my stance with the elders before. And we don’t give much money to the denomination because frankly, all we’re doing is propping up a bureaucracy run by a good old boys network. I’d rather we invest in more productive ministries.”
The elders now have a choice. They can back their pastor, or they can back the faction, but if they don’t back their pastor, he may choose to resign … and that will hurt the church far more than if the faction left.
I once knew a pastor who grew a megachurch. One day, he fired a staff member. The board hired him back. The pastor resigned.
Pastors aren’t infallible. Sometimes they get things wrong. But the board needs to know that if they fail to support their pastor publicly, the pastor might choose to resign instead … and that will leave the board in charge of the church until they call a new pastor.
Finally, if a board fires a pastor without warning or explanation, the fault lies almost exclusively with the board.
Pastors aren’t mind readers. They assume that things are going well unless somebody says, “We’re concerned about this particular issue.”
And a pastor should feel that way. You can’t minister effectively if you’re walking around all day asking, “I wonder who’s mad at me? I wonder if I’ve done something wrong?”
But a common scenario I hear from pastors is, “I thought everything in my ministry was going fine. And then the board called me into a meeting after the morning worship service and they fired me.”
A board that would do that is composed of cowards.
If a church board is upset with their pastor, they have a responsibility to:
*schedule a meeting with him
*tell him to his face what their concerns are
*allow the pastor to offer feedback
*create a plan with the pastor’s input
*revisit the plan at reasonable intervals
How much time should the pastor be given?
Church conflict expert Peter Steinke says twelve to fifteen months. If there hasn’t been sufficient improvement by then, the board has every right to remove the pastor.
The beauty of this approach is that the pastor can decide whether or not he wants to stay. If he thinks the board has been unfair … or that he can’t change … or that he doesn’t need to change … then he has time to search for another ministry.
But most boards don’t do this. They fail to tell the pastor their concerns directly … speak only among themselves … blame the pastor for not changing … work themselves into a high state of anxiety … and then fire the pastor abruptly.
And when a board fires an innocent pastor (that is, he’s not guilty of any major offense) suddenly, they’ve now bought their church two to five years of misery … or a gradual death spiral.
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I believe there are times when a pastor needs to be removed from office.
But even when that becomes necessary, the pastor still should be treated with dignity, compassion, fairness, and grace … not abuse, insensitivity, injustice, and revenge.
The pastor and his family should also be given a generous severance package so they can transition financially into their next season of life. Church boards that fire their pastors with little or no severance are denying the faith they claim to believe.
And the church board should tell the congregation as much as they can … not as little as possible … about why the pastor left if they want to reestablish trust.
Can you think of any other common scenarios that I missed?
The Ninth Anniversary of a Church Coup: Snapshots of a Pastoral Termination
Posted in Church Conflict, Church Coup Excerpts, Conflict with Church Antagonists, Conflict with Church Board, Conflict with the Pastor, Pastoral Termination, Please Comment!, tagged church conflict, Church Coup, pastoral termination on October 24, 2018| 9 Comments »
Today is the anniversary of a day that changed my life forever.
Nine years ago this morning, after returning from a mission trip overseas, I entered the office of the church I served as pastor for an 8:00 am meeting with the official board. We were supposed to discuss our plans for the next year’s budget.
Instead, the board announced that they had terminated our most valuable staff member: my wife. Their sole charge against her was that she had overspent her missions and outreach budgets by a wide margin.
But she wasn’t their eventual target. I was. The board didn’t have enough evidence against me that they could take to the congregation for a dismissal vote, so they went after her instead, assuming I’d resign if she did.
I’ve recounted the story of the fifty-day conflict that ensued in my book Church Coup (which may be the most detailed and complete account of a pastoral termination ever written). I revisit the story in this blog every October 24. As one of my advisors told me, “You never want to forget what it felt like to go through that awful experience.”
The purpose of telling my story is for pastors, board members, and churchgoers to learn what to do and what not to do during a conflict with the pastor. I am not telling my story to garner sympathy or to gain followers. By relating my experiences, I still hope to teach.
So let me share some snapshots of what I experienced over the seven weeks of the conflict. Many stories are outtakes from my book while some are based on information I received after the book was published in the spring of 2013.
After more than 35 years in church ministry … I still can’t believe the following events happened to me … but they did.
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The board told me that they would give my wife a choice: she could resign or be fired. They said they felt so strongly about their decision that they were all willing to resign, the implication being that if she didn’t resign, they would.
And the following week, because she didn’t resign, they did. (To this day, I wonder who advised them to try that tactic.)
If she resigned, that would take the pressure off them … and that was her initial reaction: to just quit.
But when she thought more clearly, she didn’t believe she had done anything wrong … and she was positive she had not overspent the amount the board claimed.
So she didn’t quit immediately, as the board hoped she would. We both decided to wait and see if we could discover the truth behind their decision first.
Kim’s dad (a former pastor and Christian university professor) told her, “If you didn’t do anything wrong, don’t quit.” A Christian counselor who had advised us for years told me, “If she resigns, that would be a lie. Make it a battle.”
We didn’t want to make it a battle, but the board had not made enough of a compelling case for my wife to say, “You’re right, I messed up, I will resign.” We needed more information.
In my wildest dreams, I never thought the church board would take such drastic action.
But they did.
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For years, my wife worked for a pace setting company in Silicon Valley, and she sometimes had to fire employees … but always by the book. She was upset with the board because they had not followed any kind of protocol. She kept telling me that her rights had been violated.
Several months ago, my wife visited that company again, and briefly told her story to the organization’s founder and president, who agreed that my wife had every right to sue the church/board for wrongful termination.
On the one hand, Paul commands Christians not to sue other Christians in 1 Corinthians 6:1-8. I get that.
On the other hand, too many Christian organizations … especially churches … do violate the rights of staff members and pastors when they terminate them … and they do deserve to be sued.
But the separation of church and state usually protects such churches.
I wish some churches would be sued successfully … if only to teach church leaders to use biblical procedures … and due process … when they’re thinking about terminating pastors and staff members in the future.
Because if those same leaders were treated in a similar fashion at their workplaces, they would probably sue the pants off their companies.
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On the night after the board met with me, they convened a meeting of the church staff to announce my wife’s termination. Not only did the board add several more charges to their list, but such a meeting was probably illegal.
An advisor who later became my mentor told me that in our state, if my wife had been in a secular company, she could have sued them for four to six million dollars for telling her co-workers why they had fired her.
Five nights later, when my wife finally met with two board members at my request … so they could tell her to her face why they had terminated her … she told them that she could sue them for the way they had handled things. This wasn’t merely an emotional outburst … this was based on the careful way she fired employees for years at that Silicon Valley company.
A former board member from that church told me emphatically over a period of years that the board violated the church constitution and bylaws when they terminated my wife. The governing documents clearly stated that staff members could only be fired upon recommendation of the senior pastor to the official board. When the church voted to approve those documents, my wife was already a staff member.
One night, while walking along the Bay on a very dark night, I ran into another former board member who told me it was going around that my wife and I were planning on suing the church. It wasn’t true … we weren’t planning on suing anybody … but many churchgoers believe the first thing they hear without confirmation.
The church board totally bungled the way they handled things, and when my wife called them on it, we became the bad guys … and had to be destroyed.
All too often, this is the way Christians handle their conflicts. We’re godly … they’re ungodly.
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When my predecessor retired and left the church in December 2000, he and his wife moved to another state. But they eventually moved back to California … and settled in the very city my wife and I have made our home the past six years.
My predecessor became the president of a parachurch group, and that group’s founder also lived in our city at the time. The founder told me that several years before 2009, while they were playing golf, my predecessor told him that he was going to return to the church I was pastoring. The founder told him, “No, you can’t do that!” But my predecessor seemed determined.
This information tells me that the plot to get rid of me went back months … if not years … before the board acted against my wife. As a megachurch pastor who knew my predecessor told me eleven days after the conflict surfaced, “You have no idea how much you have been undermined.”
That same pastor told me that he had heard my predecessor make the exact same charges against my wife using the exact same terms that the board used. To what extent did my predecessor formulate or refine the charges against her?
Because my predecessor had been in ministry for years, his counsel seemed legitimate to the board. They most likely trusted him without questioning his motives or strategies.
But in the process, the previous pastor clearly violated pastoral ethics … which the board undoubtedly knew nothing about.
A year after I left, guess who returned to the church to preach at the Christmas Eve and Christmas Day services?
That’s right … my predecessor … who had his fingers in the church board, the church staff, and the congregation for many years.
God rest his soul.
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I’ve never given a moment’s thought to returning to my former church. I served there ten-and-a-half years, resigned, and left it for good. How wrong would it be for me to interfere in the church’s governance so many years after leaving?
Why did my predecessor even want to return? My guess is that his Fan Club were telling him that things at the church were really bad and that only he could save the church.
In fact, several years before the conflict surfaced, I heard a report attributed to my predecessor that our church was losing attendees … when the opposite was true … and I informed the church board of the rumor without naming its source.
But we had grown steadily and were the largest Protestant church in our city. We had a positive reputation for miles around. We had built a new worship center. My wife and I had both been keynote speakers at the area Sunday School Convention. In our community, where a church of 150 stood out, we were like a megachurch. A Navy chaplain once told me that when he was stationed near India, and knew he was going to move to our community, someone recommended that he attend our church.
Why did things seem so bad to a tiny group of people? Because they didn’t have positions of power … and that was intentional on my part. They were not behind our mission and vision. They were not behind me as their pastor … and I knew it. They were able to serve … just not in positions of influence.
But they thought that because they were founding members, they deserved preferential treatment.
One time, my predecessor visited the campus and told me that a woman from our church was calling him constantly to complain about me. I figured as much. While I was pleasant around her, I couldn’t let her be a leader because I didn’t trust her.
And I felt the same way about some of my predecessor’s other fans.
When people once held power in a church, but no longer do so, they will sometimes do anything to get that power back … even if they have to violate half the New Testament to do it.
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One woman did her best to disguise her opposition to me, and I had to interact with her on a regular basis. After a while, pastors develop a sixth sense about such people.
After the board and associate pastor resigned, I called two public meetings of the congregation to announce their decisions. During one of the meetings, a friend went into the women’s restroom and this woman was crying because, she said, she was afraid they weren’t going to get rid of me.
After we left, this woman openly bragged about how she and some others in the church worked the plot that sent us packing.
I could never plot against a pastor. I’d leave the church first.
God calls a pastor to lead and teach. He doesn’t call anyone to force out an innocent pastor. So why is it so easy for many Christians to join a coup against the person that God called?
If you have a good answer, I’d like to hear it.
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The primary charge against my wife concerned finances. I continue to maintain that the numbers that were verbally announced to me at the board meeting had been massaged.
For example:
*My wife had committed funds to some vendors for our annual Fall Fun Fest on Halloween … but we hadn’t yet held the event to recoup any of our expenses.
*As I mentioned in my book, several thousand dollars were mistakenly sent overseas … and undoubtedly counted against her mission budget … when she had nothing to do with that decision.
*When my wife was putting together a team for a mission trip to Eastern Europe, we had to buy the plane tickets in advance … and one person backed out. We tried, but weren’t able to recoup the funds for one leg of his journey.
*When our mission team flew to Moldova, we brought along extra suitcases filled with items for poor people and the vulnerable children … but even though we were told in advance by an airline executive that we wouldn’t have to pay extra for each leg of our journey, we were overcharged for the suitcases anyway.
My wife or I could have explained these decisions had we been given the opportunity … but no one on the board asked us or the bookkeeper anything about these expenses.
The budgets of two unrelated ministries were thousands of dollars in the red … but to my knowledge, no one ever addressed those deficits with the leaders that managed those budgets.
No, my wife … our most effective staff member … was singled out for special mistreatment.
In the spring of 2009, I went to the board and asked for funds to visit two churches in Southern California to learn about their multi-venue services. The board approved those funds … and then they were charged to the worship budget without the leader’s knowledge or consent … sending his pristine budget into chaos.
Were other unrelated expenses charged to my wife’s budgets without her consent or knowledge?
When I finally asked for the board’s accounting, I received something incoherent from the bookkeeper. When my wife asked to see the board’s numbers, they did not give them to her.
When my wife finally met with the bookkeeper a month after the conflict surfaced … and the board members had all quit … the numbers told a completely different story. When a nine-person investigative team examined matters a month after that, they concluded that “there was no evidence of wrongdoing” on our part.
Was the financial charge against my wife a bluff to prompt us both to resign?
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Someone made a public charge that I mismanaged church finances. That was an outright lie.
What’s ironic is that even after the conflict erupted … and even after I left the church … I was still a central person concerning church finances.
*When the board refinanced the loan for the worship center, I had to sign the document. If the credit union had known the board’s plans, they might not have approved the refinancing. When companies make loans to organizations, they want to know in advance that the leadership is going to remain stable.
I wonder what the board told them about their pastor’s long-term prospects?
*During the conflict, the church bookkeeper stopped by my house once or twice a week so I could sign checks, which I’d do on top of her car on the street.
*Months after I had left the church, I was still the key person concerning the church’s credit cards. The bookkeeper was still contacting me, asking me to call the company and give them directions.
If I had really mismanaged funds, would I have been able to do any of those things?
When a pastor mismanages funds at church, it’s often because his own financial house is in disarray … but our personal finances were and are pristine.
It’s so easy to throw general charges around without being specific and without doing it to the face of the accused.
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When the composition of a church board changes, it can throw the entire congregation off-balance.
For years, I had worked with three men on the board who were all older than me. We had been through a lot together. I trusted them, and their actions indicated that they trusted me.
One moved away about six months before the conflict surfaced. He was the person who always had my back. The other two termed out but stayed in the church.
Had even one of those men still been on the board, the coup never would have taken place. They would either have stopped it or exposed it.
In the end, the new board in 2009 was composed entirely of people younger than me. They lacked the experience and maturity of the older men … one of whom had experienced a church split years before in another church and would never have tolerated the tactics used by my opponents.
Someone on the board ended up leading the coup. I always knew his identity. May God forgive him for all the lives he harmed in his attempt at personal payback.
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The board never attempted anything resembling restoration. It was all about punishment. As Charles Chandler from the Ministering to Ministers Foundation told me, the board members were personalizing matters.
As a Christian counselor asked me, “Where’s the redemption in all this?”
There wasn’t any pathway to redemption. Coups don’t involve restoration. They can be bloody or bloodless, but they are always about one thing.
Getting rid of the leader at all costs.
If you can show me where in the New Testament we find such behavior commended, I’d be grateful.
I’ve been searching for years … and I still can’t find it.
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Wherever you find deceit and destruction, you find Satan. Jesus called him “the father of lies” and “a murderer from the beginning” in John 8:44.
Based on some of the stories I’ve heard, I don’t believe Satan is centrally involved in every church conflict. Some believe that he is. I don’t.
I look for deceit and destruction. Someone in ministry suggested adding “doubt” to the calculus as well.
There was definitely deceit in our conflict. There were a lot of falsehoods going around: exaggeration, character assassination, misrepresentation, false allegations … it was all there.
And there was a lot of destruction as well. Satan’s aim in most church conflicts is to destroy the pastor’s well being … reputation … and career … but ultimately, to destroy the church itself.
Although I was not personally destroyed, my effectiveness for future ministry was. I don’t claim to know if that was the aim of anyone in the church. Maybe so, maybe not.
But I do know this: Satan gained a foothold in the lives of too many of God’s people in that church. Hatred and two-faced hypocrisy are not from God.
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Most pastors who are forced out of a church are never exonerated. Their reputations are ruined, at least inside their former church.
But I was exonerated … twice.
The first time, a consultant the transition team and I hired during the conflict issued a report that the board had acted “extremely and destructively” and that my wife and I had been abused.
The second time, an investigative team of nine people from inside the church claimed that “there was no evidence of wrongdoing” on our part.
But some people could not allow those verdicts to stand.
When I left the church in December 2009, I was told that 95% of the church supported me. A year later, I was told that support was down to 20%.
I don’t know the truth of either percentage. But I do know that throughout 2010, there was a whispering campaign inside my former church to pin the blame for the entire conflict on me.
When an interim pastor (a friend of my predecessor’s) came to the church several months later, he convened a meeting of the old and new boards, and made everyone who knew the truth about the conflict promise that they wouldn’t discuss it with anyone. So when people attacked my reputation, those leaders were told not to counteract any lies and to remain silent.
But what about the people who were spreading falsehoods inside the church? Why didn’t anyone warn them to stop destroying the reputation of their previous pastor?
Because unity is based on truth … not lies … such diversions do nothing to heal people’s souls.
Even though I urged people to stay, scores of people eventually left the church and either changed churches … changed faiths … or sat at home for years because nobody had the guts to tell the church the truth about what happened.
Just another Christian cover up. Business as usual.
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One day, I met with the rookie district minister to share my side of the conflict. He listened politely and later helped reveal the part my predecessor played in the coup.
Several years later, when I was in New Hampshire, the DM called me out of the blue one Sunday morning to tell me that “I respect you and admire you.”
While that was nice, there was evidence to the contrary, so I didn’t know what to think.
But I had once served in the same church as an executive from that same denomination, and when he heard about the conflict … not from me … he told a friend, “[The church] owes Jim an apology.”
While I would welcome any kind of apology, nobody has ever apologized to me for their role in forcing me out of office.
Because if I’m innocent, they’re wrong … and I’ve learned that many, if not most, Christians hate to admit when they’re wrong.
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This is the last blog article I plan to write on what happened to me in 2009 unless there is some major future development.
The accusations against Judge Kavanaugh brought back a truckload of hurtful memories because the same tactics used against him were used against us.
My wife and I live in Southern California and are content with our lives.
We live about an hour from our son, his wife, and our three grandsons. I wouldn’t trade being near them for anything in this world.
Our daughter – who was so strong for her dad and mom during the conflict – still lives in the Bay Area and leads a fruitful life. We love her dearly.
God gave me a ministry to pastors and board members who are going through conflict, and I’m grateful for all the people I’ve been able to help.
Just last year, I advised a pastor from the East Coast who was able to beat back his own church’s coup attempt. He stayed … and his opponents left.
I pray that happens more often.
I’ve written 596 blogs over the past eight years. I plan to write four more and then take a break … maybe a long one.
As always, thanks for reading.
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